Nomenclature (Zac)

Naming Compounds
-Today the most common system is IUPAC for most chemicals (eg. Ions, Binary Ionic, Molecular Compounds, Hydrates, Acids/Bases
-Be aware of the differences between ions and compound formulas
Zn2+ =ion charge,  BaCl2 = # of ions
Multivalent Ions
-Some elements can form more than one ion (eg. Iron has a +3 and +2 charge, Copper has a +2 and +1 charge)
-The top number on the periodic table is more commonly used
-IUPAC uses roman numerals in parentheses to show the charge (eg copper II sulphide)
-Classical systems use latin names of elements and the suffixs -ic (larger charge) and -ous (smaller charge)
Complex Ions
-Complex ions are large groups of atoms that stay together during a chemical reaction
-Almost all are anions (negative) (eg. NaNO3, FeSO3)
Hydrates
-Some compounds can form lattices that bond to water molecules (eg. Cu(SO4) * 5H20(s) = Copper(II) Sulphate Pentahydrate)
-To name hydrates, write the name of the chemical formula, add a prefix indicating the number of water molecules (eg. mono, di, tri... etc), add hydrate after the prefix
Naming Acids & Bases
-Hydrogen compounds are acids
-HCl (aq) - Hydrochloric Acid
-H2SO4(aq) - Sulfuric Acid
- Hydrogen appears first in the formula unless it is part of a polyatomic group
(eg. CH3 COOH(aq) - Acetic Acid)